Background
Water quality plays an important role in aquaculture. Science shows that: generally within the range of temperature, with the increase of temperature, fish metabolism increases, feeding increases, and growth accelerates. The level of dissolved oxygen in aquaculture water will also affect the growth and health of fish. Sufficient dissolved oxygen in water can inhibit the generation of toxic substances and reduce the content of toxic substances. Therefore, the installation of water quality monitoring system in fish ponds can timely grasp the changes in water quality, take countermeasures in advance, and improve the yield per mu. To maintain a good water quality environment, water quality monitoring is crucial.
The temperature
Depending on the breed, the requirements are different. For example, turbot is a cold-water fish, and the water temperature is suitable at 12-18 degrees, while the sea cucumber is suitable at 10-16 degrees, and the water temperature is higher than 20 degrees. Penaeus vannamei prefers high water temperatures and grows faster above 22 degrees Celsius.
PH
The vast majority of aquaculture species are suitable for survival in neutral or weakly alkaline water environments, such as ph 7.5 to 8.2. Freshwater fish can adapt to a wider range of ph, between 6.5 and 9.0.
Dissolved oxygen
Dissolved oxygen is the most lethal factor in high-density recirculating aquaculture systems. Dissolved oxygen can go from high dissolved oxygen to lethally low concentrations in a short period of time, a rollercoaster ride, and no single water quality parameter other than dissolved oxygen can kill fish in a short period of time. Generally, a DO value greater than 5mg/L is recommended.
Ammonia nitrogen
During the main fish growing season, ammonia nitrogen exceeds 0.5 mg/L, and the water is polluted by a large amount of organic matter. Ammonia nitrogen content exceeds 2.00 mg/L, fish appear ammonia poisoning symptoms. The detection of ammonia nitrogen in water is affected by a variety of ions, which needs multi-factor compensation and can be monitored by multi-probe. Now the market generally uses electrode method and colorimetric method monitoring is more common.
Turbidity
For aquaculture, turbidity of aquaculture water quality often causes the quality of aquatic animals to decrease or even a large number of deaths. It is also important to keep the water clear.
Salinity
The salinity of the general fishery water body is constant. Of course, some fisheries may have different salinity levels during seedling and reproduction. Mariculture species can be distinguished as true salt and narrow salt. Salt-farmed species can survive in different salinities, such as sturgeon, perch, and prawns. Narrow-salt species can only live within a certain range of salinity, such as sea cucumbers. The salinity of water does not change quickly in a short period of time.
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